Understanding Security Risks of Ad-based URL Shortening Services Caused by Users' Behaviors

URL shortening services enable us to shorten or simplify URLs. Ad-based display advertisements users who access short URLs and reward creators. However, ad-based have specific security risks that without ads do not, such as displaying malicious users. In this study, we reveal previously unknown of these caused by users' behaviors. We conducted a comprehensive measurement services. First, accessed services, clicked buttons on the web pages, reached final destinations Then, posed monitoring analyzing traffic logs when are accessed. found all generated an average 86.5 requests domain names per URL. then showed risk unintentionally communicating even click only correctly move their desired destinations. Finally, discuss countermeasures mitigate from perspective each stakeholder in